↑ David S. Landes (1969). The Unbound Prometheus. Press Syndicate of the University of Cambridge. p. 40. ISBN 0-521-09418-6.
↑ Compare: Schwab, Klaus (2017) [2016]. The Fourth Industrial Revolution. New York: Crown Publishing Group. ISBN 9781524758875. Truy cập 2017-06-29. Digital technologies [...] are not new, but in a break with the third industrial revolution, they are becoming more sophisticated and integrated and are, as a result, transforming societies and the global economy. This is the reason why Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) professors Erik Brynjolfsson and Andrew McAfee have famously referred to this period as 'the second machine age,' [...] the title of their 2014 book [...].
1 2 3 4 Columbus Sails, Others Follow, and Spain Is on Top of the World, VOA Special English.
1 2 Sách giáo khoa Lịch sử lớp 7, Bài 2: Sự suy vong của chế độ phong kiến và sự hình thành chủ nghĩa tư bản ở Châu Âu, phần 1, Những cuộc phát kiến địa lí, Nhà xuất bản Giáo dục Việt Nam.
1 2 How a Desire for Religious Freedom or Land, or Both, Led to Colonies, VOA Special English
↑ Slavery Arrives as Colonial Expansion Heads South, VOA Special English.
↑ By 1750, Almost One in Four People in the Colonies Were Slaves, VOA Special English
↑ British Defeat the French in a Struggle for North America, VOA Special English.
↑ Horn, Jeff; Rosenband, Leonard; Smith, Merritt (2010). Reconceptualizing the Industrial Revolution. Cambridge MA, USA, London: MIT Press. ISBN 978-0262515627.
